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Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) - Mayotte (2008)

Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003) z Mayotte (2008)

 Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2003)Mayotte (2008)
 Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)Mayotte
Administrative divisions none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) none (territorial overseas collectivity of France)
Age structure 0-14 years: NA%


15-64 years: NA%


65 years and over: NA%
0-14 years: 45.8% (male 48,016/female 47,533)


15-64 years: 52.5% (male 59,111/female 50,437)


65 years and over: 1.8% (male 1,864/female 1,822) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products vanilla, ylang-ylang (perfume essence), coffee, copra
Airports 5 (2002) 1 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways total: 2


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2002)
total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 3


under 914 m: 3 (2002)
-
Area total: 12,173 sq km


land: 12,173 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands
total: 374 sq km


land: 374 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Connecticut slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC
Background Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982. Mayotte was ceded to France along with the other islands of the Comoros group in 1843. It was the only island in the archipelago that voted in 1974 to retain its link with France and forego independence.
Birth rate NA births/1,000 population 40.35 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget revenues: $66.2 million


expenditures: $67.9 million, including capital expenditures of $23.2 million (FY98/99 est.)
revenues: $420 million


expenditures: $394 million (2005)
Capital Stanley name: Mamoudzou


geographic coordinates: 12 46 S, 45 13 E


time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate tropical; marine; hot, humid, rainy season during northeastern monsoon (November to May); dry season is cooler (May to November)
Coastline 1,288 km 185.2 km
Constitution 3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998 4 October 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Mayotte


conventional short form: Mayotte
Currency Falkland pound (FKP) -
Death rate NA deaths/1,000 population 7.53 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external $NA $NA
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina departmental collectivity of France
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) none (territorial overseas collectivity of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) none (territorial overseas collectivity of France)
Disputes - international claimed by Argentina whose forces briefly occupied it in 1982, but now declares it will no longer seek settlement by force claimed by Comoros
Economic aid - recipient none $201.3 million; note - extensive French financial assistance (2005)
Economy - overview The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falklands exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which goes to support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. Another large source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost. Economic activity is based primarily on the agricultural sector, including fishing and livestock raising. Mayotte is not self-sufficient and must import a large portion of its food requirements, mainly from France. The economy and future development of the island are heavily dependent on French financial assistance, an important supplement to GDP. Mayotte's remote location is an obstacle to the development of tourism.
Electricity - consumption 15.19 million kWh (2001) 139.2 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2001) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2001) -
Electricity - production 16.33 million kWh (2001) NA kWh
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2001)
-
Elevation extremes lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: Benara 660 m
Environment - current issues overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the Chornobyl disaster NA
Ethnic groups British NA
Exchange rates Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.67 (2002), 0.69 (2001), 0.66 (2000), 0.62 (1999), 0.6 (1998); note - the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound euros per US dollar - 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)


head of government: Governor Howard PEARCE (since 3 December 2002); Chief Executive Chris SIMPKINS (since NA March 2003); Financial Secretary Derek F. HOWATT (since NA)


cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor


elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch
chief of state: President Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007); represented by Prefect Jean-Paul KIHL (since 17 January 2005)


head of government: President of the General Council Said Omar OILI (since 8 April 2004)


cabinet: NA


elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of the Interior; president of the General Council elected by the members of the General Council for a six-year term; next election to be held in 2010
Exports NA (2001) $6.5 million f.o.b. (2005)
Exports - commodities wool, hides, meat ylang-ylang (perfume essence), vanilla, copra, coconuts, coffee, cinnamon
Exports - partners Spain 76.2%, UK 9.2%, US 7.1% (2002) France 43%, Comoros 36%, Reunion 15% (2006)
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March calendar year
Flag description blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising is the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT unofficial, local flag with the coat of arms of Mayotte centered on a white field, above which the name of the island appears in red capital letters; the main elements of the coat of arms, flanked on either side by a seahorse, appear above a scroll with the motto RA HACHIRI (We are Vigilant); the only official flag is the national flag of France
GDP purchasing power parity - $75 million (2002 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $25,000 (2002 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate NA% NA%
Geographic coordinates 51 45 S, 59 00 W 12 50 S, 45 10 E
Geography - note deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season part of Comoro Archipelago; 18 islands
Highways total: 440 km


paved: 50 km


unpaved: 390 km (2002)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports NA (2001) $341 million f.o.b.; note - excludes petroleum imports (2005)
Imports - commodities fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing food, machinery and equipment, transportation equipment, metals, chemicals
Imports - partners UK 57.9%, Spain 19.8%, Italy 16.7% (2002) France 49%, Seychelles 8.8%, China 4.1%, South Africa 2.8% (2006)
Independence none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) none (territorial overseas collectivity of France)
Industrial production growth rate NA% NA%
Industries fish and wool processing; tourism newly created lobster and shrimp industry, construction
Infant mortality rate total: NA%


male: NA%


female: NA%
total: 59.51 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 65.33 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 53.52 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3.6% (1998) 1.7% (2005)
International organization participation ICFTU InOC, UPU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 2 (2000) -
Irrigated land NA sq km NA
Judicial branch Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction Supreme Court or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel
Labor force 1,100 (est.) 44,560 (2002)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing) -
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (1998 est.)
arable land: NA%


permanent crops: NA%


other: NA%
Languages English Mahorian (a Swahili dialect), French (official language) spoken by 35% of the population
Legal system English common law the laws of France, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats - 2 ex officio, 8 elected by popular vote, members serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor


elections: last held 22 November 2001 (next to be held NA November 2005)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 8; note - 71% voter turnout
unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve three-year terms)


elections: last held 21 and 28 March 2004 (next to be held in 2007)


election results: percent of vote by party - MDM 23.3%, UMP 22.8%, PS 10.2%, MRC 8.9%, FRAP 6.5%, MPM 1.2%, other 27.1%; seats by party - MDM 6, UMP 9, MRC 2, MPM 1, diverse left 1


note: Mayotte elects one member of the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 2001 (next to be held in September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; Mayotte also elects one member to the French National Assembly; elections last held 16 June 2002 (next to be held in 2007); results - percent of vote by party - UMP-RPR 55.1%, UDF 44.9%; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA years


male: NA years


female: NA years
total population: 62.16 years


male: 59.94 years


female: 64.45 years (2007 est.)
Literacy - definition: NA


total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA
Location Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina Southern Africa, island in the Mozambique Channel, about one-half of the way from northern Madagascar to northern Mozambique
Map references South America Africa
Maritime claims continental shelf: 200 NM


exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine none (2002 est.) -
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK defense is the responsibility of France; a small contingent of French forces is stationed on the island
Military branches British Forces Falkland Islands no regular indigenous military forces; (includes Army, Royal Air Force, and Royal Navy), Police Force -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% -
National holiday Liberation Day, 14 June (1982) Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality noun: Falkland Islander(s)


adjective: Falkland Island
noun: Mahorais (singular and plural)


adjective: Mahoran
Natural hazards strong winds persist throughout the year cyclones during rainy season
Natural resources fish, squid, wildlife, calcified seaweed, sphagnum moss NEGL
Net migration rate NA migrant(s)/1,000 population 3.35 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders none; all independents Democratic Front or FD [Youssouf MOUSSA]; Mahoran Popular Movement or MPM [Ahmed MADI]; Federation of Mahorans or UMP-RPR [Mansour KAMARDINE]; Force of the Rally and the Alliance for Democracy or FRAP; Movement for Department Status Mayotte or MDM [Mouhoutar SALIM]; Renewed Communist Party of Mayotte or MRC [Omar SIMBA]; Socialist Party or PS [Ibrahim ABUBACAR] (local branch of French Parti Socialiste); Union for French Democracy or UDF [Henri JEAN-BAPTISTE]
Political pressure groups and leaders none NA
Population 2,967 (July 2003 est.) 208,783 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% NA%
Population growth rate 2.44% (2003 est.) 3.617% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors Stanley


note: the primary port is located in Stanley Harbour and known locally as FIPASS (Falkland Interim Port and Storage System); the facility consists of seven permanently moored barges providing 300 meters of berthing space; it was installed by the military after 1982 and handed over to the Falkland Islands Government in 1988
-
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (2001)
Railways 0 km -
Religions primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist Muslim 97%, Christian (mostly Roman Catholic) 3%
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.172 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 1.023 male(s)/female


total population: 1.092 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: NA


domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands


international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries
general assessment: small system administered by French Department of Posts and Telecommunications


domestic: NA


international: country code - 269; microwave radio relay and HF radiotelephone communications to Comoros
Telephones - main lines in use NA 10,000 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular NA 48,100 (2005)
Television broadcast stations 2 (operated by the British Forces Broadcasting Service)


note: cable television is available in Stanley (2002)
3 (2001)
Terrain rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains generally undulating, with deep ravines and ancient volcanic peaks
Total fertility rate NA children born/woman 5.69 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate full employment; labor shortage 25.4% (2005)
Waterways none -
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